Cambridge IELTS 20 Test 3 Writing Task 2: Sample Answer

As awareness of climate change grows, some travellers are flying less or giving it up altogether. Although this choice carries real costs for certain individuals and companies, I believe the environmental gains clearly outweigh them.

The environmental argument is strong. Aviation produces a significant share of global carbon emissions, and a single long-haul return flight can release more carbon than an average person in some countries emits in a whole year. Because cleaner aircraft fuels remain expensive and scarce, reducing demand is one of the few immediate measures available. If enough people changed their habits, airlines would operate fewer routes, and pressure on manufacturers and governments to develop greener technology would increase considerably.

The drawbacks are nevertheless genuine. Tourism-dependent economies, such as island nations, could lose income and jobs, and airline staff face uncertainty. Business people may find it harder to maintain overseas contacts, and individuals with relatives abroad could see less of their families, which carries an emotional cost. Video conferencing is an imperfect substitute for a handshake when a contract is being negotiated.

Even so, these problems seem manageable compared with the long-term harm of rising temperatures, flooding and crop failure. Many meetings can be held online at lower cost, and companies often save money on travel budgets. Rail services have improved for medium distances, and holidaymakers can discover destinations closer to home, which may even benefit local businesses and small communities. Governments could also support affected regions by investing in alternative industries, retraining workers and promoting domestic tourism.

In conclusion, giving up flights hurts some people, but because the climate threat is global and lasting, the environmental benefits outweigh the disadvantages.