Writing Task 1 del IELTS, diagrama de proceso: plantilla de Band 7 (con respuesta modelo)

Los diagramas de proceso ponen a prueba la secuenciación y la voz pasiva. A diferencia de los gráficos de líneas o de barras, no hay números: tu tarea es describir cómo se fabrica algo o cómo ocurre algo, en orden y con vocabulario técnico preciso.

Para otros tipos de pregunta del Task 1, consulta las plantillas de gráfico de líneas, gráfico de barras, gráfico circular y mapa.

Estructura de un diagrama de proceso de Band 7

Cuatro párrafos, 170-200 palabras:

1. Introduction: parafrasea el enunciado e indica cuántas etapas hay
2. Overview: punto de partida, punto final, total de etapas, tipo de proceso
3. Body 1: la primera mitad del proceso en detalle
4. Body 2: la segunda mitad del proceso en detalle

Paso 1: Identifica el tipo de proceso

Hay dos tipos principales:

• Proceso natural: ciclos de vida, clima, ciclos geológicos (usa la voz activa y el presente simple)
• Proceso artificial: fabricación, reciclaje, depuración de agua (usa la voz pasiva)

Ajusta tus verbos en consecuencia.

Paso 2: Parafrasea el enunciado y cuenta las etapas

Original: "The diagram below shows the process of glass recycling."

Parafraseado: "The diagram illustrates the stages involved in recycling glass into new products, beginning with collection and ending with the production of new glass items."

Cuenta siempre las etapas antes de escribir. Indica el número en la introducción o en el overview: "The process consists of seven distinct stages."

Paso 3: Escribe el overview

Recoge el inicio, el final, el total de etapas y el tipo de proceso:

"Overall, glass recycling is a circular process that begins with the collection of used glass and ends with the manufacturing of new glass products. There are seven main stages, with crushing and melting representing the most energy-intensive steps."

Paso 4: Párrafo de desarrollo 1, la primera mitad

Usa vocabulario de secuenciación y voz pasiva para los procesos artificiales:

"At the first stage, used glass bottles and jars are collected from households and dropped off at recycling centres. The collected glass is then transported to a processing facility, where it is sorted by colour. Once sorted, the glass is washed thoroughly to remove labels, residues, and contaminants."

Paso 5: Párrafo de desarrollo 2, la segunda mitad

"Following the cleaning stage, the glass is crushed into small fragments known as cullet. The cullet is subsequently melted in a furnace at temperatures exceeding 1,500 degrees Celsius. The molten glass is then moulded into new bottles or other items, which are finally packaged and distributed to retailers, completing the recycling cycle."

Vocabulario de secuenciación

Inicio:

• at the first stage / step / phase
• the process begins / starts with
• initially, first, to begin with

Desarrollo:

• next, then, subsequently, following this
• after that, once [X is complete]
• in the next / following stage

Final:

• finally, lastly, in the final stage
• at the end of the process
• ultimately, eventually
• the process concludes / ends with

Causa y resultado:

• as a result, consequently
• this allows, this enables
• causing, leading to, resulting in

Patrones de voz pasiva (esenciales para la Band 7)

En los procesos artificiales, usa la voz pasiva de forma consistente:

Activa (evítala)	Pasiva (Band 7)
"Workers collect the glass"	"The glass is collected"
"They wash the bottles"	"The bottles are washed"
"The factory melts it"	"It is melted"

En los procesos naturales, lo correcto es el presente simple en voz activa:

• "The water evaporates from the ocean."
• "The seeds germinate underground."

Respuesta modelo completa de Band 7

Enunciado: diagrama del proceso de reciclaje de vidrio.

The diagram illustrates the stages involved in recycling glass into new products, beginning with collection from consumers and ending with the manufacture of new glass items.

Overall, glass recycling is a circular process that begins with the collection of used glass and ends with the production of new glass products. There are seven main stages, with crushing and melting representing the most energy-intensive steps.

At the first stage, used glass bottles and jars are collected from households and dropped off at recycling centres. The collected glass is then transported to a processing facility, where it is sorted by colour. Once sorted, the glass is washed thoroughly to remove labels, residues, and contaminants.

Following the cleaning stage, the glass is crushed into small fragments known as cullet. The cullet is subsequently melted in a furnace at temperatures exceeding 1,500 degrees Celsius. The molten glass is then moulded into new bottles or other items, which are finally packaged and distributed to retailers, completing the recycling cycle.

Número de palabras: 188

Variante de proceso natural

Para el ciclo de vida de una mariposa, el ciclo del clima o similares:

The cycle begins when an adult female butterfly lays eggs on a leaf. After approximately a week, each egg hatches into a caterpillar, which feeds continuously on the leaves. Once it has reached its full size, the caterpillar attaches itself to a stem and forms a chrysalis. Inside the chrysalis, transformation occurs over two weeks, after which a fully developed butterfly emerges, completing the cycle.

Fíjate en el presente simple en voz activa: "lays," "hatches," "feeds."

Errores comunes en los diagramas de proceso

• Mezclar voz activa y pasiva en la misma redacción
• Olvidar las palabras de secuenciación ("then," "next," "finally")
• Saltarse etapas
• Usar un tiempo verbal incorrecto (los procesos del Task 1 suelen ir en presente simple)

Para errores más generales del Task 1, consulta Top 10 IELTS Writing Mistakes That Block Band 7.